Law for social work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Law for social work - Essay Example unity care involves providing respite care, day services, accommodations, home help and carer and family support for persons with learning disabilities. The same kind of help is also available under community care for persons with physical disabilities and the elderly together with their carers. The latter groups are provided with additional means of support. For instances persons with physical disabilities are provided with direct payments, employment assistance, ‘self-management living schemes’ and equipment such as wheel chairs. The elderly are provided with ‘home care services, delivered meals, day care and lunch clubs.’ Similar services are provided for individuals with mental disabilities.2 Under children and family’s social work, social workers undertake a large variety of responsibilities. They provide childcare services and are involved in the education and social development of the child. Social workers are actively involved in the adoption process and make provision for protective services for children in danger.3 The social worker’s duties in respect of the Criminal Justice system are multifaceted and can be onerous. The social worker is involved in an exhaustive list of tasks from the sentencing and probation of offenders to ‘supervision and support for released prisoners.’4 The variety of roles required of the social worker and the importance of their relationship with the community at large requires the imposition of a professional duty of care. As such, the social worker is not only required to be familiar with the law, they are also required to uphold the law in an appropriate case. This paper looks at the legal obligations of the social worker and the importance of the law in the context of the various duties and obligations already mentioned. Social work is regulated in the United Kingdom by a professional organization known as the British Association of Social Workers. The Association is charged with the duty of

Analytical hierarchy process Essay Example for Free

Analytical hierarchy process Essay Decision-making is human activity whereby value judgments regarding the attractiveness of preferences play a major role. There are various ways through which an organization can supplement and improve decision analysis; however, the incorporation of human decisions with technology through the design and utilization multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) contributes towards the success of an organization to a great extent. This essay provides a detailed analysis and evaluation of the multi criteria decision analysis as applied in logistics and supply chain decision analysis in contemporary business and organizations. The first section of this essay introduces the various types of MCDA and provides details about how analytical hierarchy process (AHP) works, being one of the most popular MCDA techniques. This is followed by a detailed analysis of various decision problems in logistics and supply chain which involve the use of MCDA techniques: such include supply chain performance management, supplier selection, production-driven characteristics, logistics and supply chain capital and infrastructural investments. In section that follows, the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of MCDA are clearly detailed out, in special reference to the logistics and supply chain department of an organization. Finally, the essay provides a concluding paragraph which is based on the author’s opinion regarding the effectiveness and success of multi criteria decision analysis in supply chain and logistics management as well as recommendations on what ought to be done to make the application more beneficial to decision makers and the organization at large. Introduction MCDA refers to a multiple decision criteria that aimed at assisting decision makers who are often faced with many and inconsistent problem evaluations. The goal of MCDA is typically to emphasize on the conflicting and inconsistent areas and derive a technique of harmonization (Xiang, 2006). The MCDA methods commonly used in the contemporary decision field include analytical hierarchy process(AHP), weighted sum model(WSM), analytical network process(ANP), inner product vectors(IPV), Weighted product model(WPM), multi attribute value theory(MAVT) , multi attribute utility theory(MAUT), SMART (simple multiple attribute rating technique), Equal Swaps, MACBETH(Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) (Xiang, 2006). Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) This is one of the most famous decision criteria methods. It is a controlled technique used to deal with multifaceted decisions. AHP applies a quantitative comparison technique based on pair-wise evaluations of the decision criteria. It assists the decision maker in generating one among the best alternatives to their problem in accordance to the decision maker’s comprehension of the problem. The method applies the skills of psychology and mathematics to provide rational, comprehensive structure for framing a decision problem, presenting, computing and quantifying the elements, linking elements to goals and assessing other alternative solutions. It is used in education, business, healthcare and other industries as a decision support tool (Jamil and Linkov, 2004). Users of this method begin by decomposing the decision problem into a hierarchy of straightforwardly understandable sub-problems, which can be separately analyzed: the chosen decision problem elements may relate to any aspect of, the decision problem, whether tangible or not. After building the hierarchy, decision makers then evaluate the elements systematically by making well thought comparisons in pairs. Here, AHP necessitates that human judgments should be used while making the comparisons over and above the underlying information to make evaluations between the elements (Jamil and Linkov, 2004). AHP then changes the evaluations into numerical values which can be compared and processed in the whole decision problem. Numerical weights are generated for all the hierarchical elements. This allows for diversity and enables the decision maker to compare consistently and rationally between incommensurable elements. It is this ability that distinguishes AHP from all other techniques if MCDA (Jamil and Linkov, 2004). Finally, numerical values are calculated for all the alternatives. The numerical value of each alternative represents the ability of such an alternative to accomplish the goal of the decision. This makes it possible to directly consider the ability of all available alternatives using their numerical value so that a rational decision maker chooses the alternative with the highest value since it indicates that such an alternative will best suit a solution to the decision problem (Jamil and Linkov, 2004).

Anthrax Vaccination :: essays research papers

The anthrax vaccination is the only known defense available for United States Troops against the deadly anthrax virus. Many experts have said it is not effective against inhalation anthrax. Studies have not been conclusive in their findings. The chance of living if you have received the anthrax vaccination seems better. More studies should be conducted outside the Department of Defense, with their cooperation, before the process to vaccinate troops continues. Anthrax is a disease normally associated with plant eating animals (sheep, goats, and cattle) caused by the bacterium Bacillius anthracis. It is now controlled through vaccination programs throughout the world including the United States. Human infection with anthrax usually results from contact with infected animals or products. Anthrax was discovered by Robert Koch in 1876. An effective vaccine for animals was developed in 1881 by Louis Pasteur. In humans, the disease appears in both external and internal forms. The external form is contracted through cuts and breaks in the skin. The internal form is caught by inhaling anthrax spores, which invade the lungs and intestinal tract (Funk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia, 1996). Russian scientists have created a new form of the anthrax virus by genetic engineering. Col. Arthur Friedlander , chief of the bacteriology division at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute states, †The evidence that they presented suggested that it could be resistant to our vaccine† (Riechman, Army Times 03-09-98). When anthrax is used as a biological weapon, people become infected by breathing the spores released in the air. Anthrax is 100,000 times deadlier than the deadliest chemical warfare agent. It is the preferred biological agent because it is easy to produce in bulk and the materials are low in cost. (B.D.Hawkins,Army Times) Dr. Jose Ramero Cruz, of the World Health Organization states,†Because anthrax spores are resistant to dryness and heat, they are relatively easy to grind and store†. U.S. officials say that as many as 12 countries including Russia, Iraq, and North Korea, have established capabilities to produce and load deadly anthrax spores into weapons (D.Funk, Army Times, 3-19-98). An anthrax loaded scud missile could kill 100,000 people in an urban area according to a 1993 study, â€Å"Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Assessing the Risks†, (J. Erlich, Army Times, 9-8-97). No country is known to have released the biological agent during wartime. Anthrax has the potential to cover large areas of the battlefield. It is not known what branch of service, front line, or rear area troops would be at greater risks. Defense Secretary William Cohen stated, â€Å"Anthrax is the poor man’s atomic bomb† (D.

Fatherhood Essay

Homer Simpson from The Simpsons, Peter Griffin from Family Guy, and Jerry from Wizards of Waverly Place, are just a few of the many youth television shows that present a dangerously distorted male figure. Or The Sweet Life of Zack and Cody, who run rampant throughout the hotel that they live in with their mother who was left to raise her children due to a dead beat father who left the family when the kids were young. Whether there is a Dad or there is not a Dad; they are presented as weak, childish, and brainless. These men are, at best, the whipping post for the strong-willed mothers who apparently have the real power and are the ones that essentially keep the home and the children from falling apart. It is clear that the role of Fatherhood has been distorted and watered down in the current century. Because of this, many modern day fathers fail to accomplish their duties towards their family, duties defined in Scripture, not because they do not want to but because they do not understand how crucial they are to their family, because society tells them that they are not really needed, and simply that they do not even know where to start. The task of being a father is of critical importance, and it has never been more so than in this day and age. A child’s relationship with Dad is a decisive factor in that young man or woman’s health, development and happiness. Stephen K. Baskerville, an American scholar of political science as well as a leading authority on divorce, child custody and the family court system, wrote, â€Å"A generation of fatherhood advocates has emerged who insist that fatherlessness is the most critical social issue of our time. In Fatherless America, David Blankenhorn calls the crisis of fatherless children â€Å"the most destructive trend of our generation† (1995, 1). Their case is powerful. Virtually every major social pathology issue has been linked to fatherless children: violent crime, drug and alcohol abuse, truancy, unwed pregnancy, suicide, and psychological disorders—all correlating more strongly with fatherlessness than with any other single factor, surpassing even race and poverty. The majority of prisoners, juvenile detention inmates, high school dropouts, pregnant teenagers, adolescent murderers, and rapists come from fatherless homes (Daniels 1998, passim). Children from affluent but broken families are much more likely to get into trouble than children from poor but intact ones, and white children from separated families are at higher risk than black children in intact families (McLanahan 1998, 88). The connection between single-parent households and crime is so strong that controlling for this factor erases the relationship between race and crime as well as between low income and crime (Kamarck and Galston 1990, 14)† (Baskerville, independent. org). These statistics bring forth something vastly different than what is seen in pop culture’s most-watched TV shows. Despite these staggering statistics, no attempt is being made to change this very prominent issue that American society faces every day. Instead of the government focusing on getting rid of poverty through public school systems, go to the true source of the issue which would involve eliminating one-parent families and teaching every young man the importance of fatherhood and should be preparing them to step up when that day comes. History also plays a key role in the downfall of Male leaders in the home. The Industrial Revolution came upon the world with great force. Women began entering the workforce and started becoming more and more independent. Feminists rose from this age and helped fuel the beginnings of what we see today: that being, more and more single family homes, often being run by the mother and not the father. Women think they can do it on their own but this is not always the case. There are some women out there who have been able to raise successful children but this is not the case for many other single family homes. The bible is very vocal when it comes to fatherhood. The concept of fatherhood begins with the one who created the universe. Derek Prince, an international Bible teacher, says that â€Å"The fact behind all other facts is that God created the universe as father. He left his imprint on every aspect of creation† (Prince, 57). God is indeed, the perfect father whom every earthly father should model themselves after and give their all to be the best father they can be. Proverbs 22:6-11 reads, â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old, he will not depart from it† (English Standard Version). The father is the initial instructor of his children and therefore sets the path for how they are going to live their lives. Ephesians 6:4 is a summary of instruction to parents, represented by the father, in a negative and positive way which states, â€Å"and now a word to you fathers, don’t make your children angry by the way you treat them. Rather, bring them up with the discipline and instruction approved by the Lord† (English Standard Version). This is where the issue of discipline comes into play. The father should not discipline with the intention of frustrating their child or making their child feel less of themselves. Wanda L. Ball, an author, speaker, and teacher, writes, â€Å"A wise parent wants to make obedience desirable through love and gentleness. Christian discipline is needed to prevent children from growing up without reverence for God, respect for their parent’s authority, knowledge of Christian standards and self-control. 2 Timothy 3:16-17 says, ‘All scripture is given of God and is profitable for teaching, reproving, correcting and instruction in righteousness; that the man (or woman) of God may be completely equipped for all good works. ’ This is what the Bible says about being a father† (Ball-publications. com). With this being said, a solid framework for how a father should be is established. The tricky part is how to carry this all out. God is indeed the model father. As Josh McDowell writes in his book, The Father Connection, â€Å"He is a tender Father who invites us to address Him as ‘Abba’†¦He is a listening Father who bids us to approach him boldly as ‘our father in heaven’†¦ He is a loving Father who freely and forcefully demonstrated his Father-love at the baptism of his Son, Jesus with a voice like thunder that said, ‘This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased. ’ He is a giving Father who gives good gifts to his children. He is the Father of all, the very definition of father-hood, the fount of everything that is good, moral, and worthy of imitation† (McDowell, 18). If this is not how a father would want to be then something is very wrong. Every man should be humble enough to model themselves to be like their Heavenly father who gave them the opportunity to even be a father. God is a wondrous God who is more to us than just a Creator. What follows will lay out all that a father should be towards his son, his daughter, as well as his wife. These will all be discussed separately and then related back to each-other in the end. For his son, a father must create an early bond with him, must be able to discipline his son, and lastly, must be a consistent example for his son in every aspect of life. For his daughter, a father must recognize that he is the first man in her life, must constantly encourage her, must exercise leadership and display perseverance, and needs to be there for his daughter by comforting her, being compassionate, and by supporting her. Lastly for a father, is his relationship with his wife, who is the source of his father-hood. How a husband treats his wife is crucial in raising children. A husband must be able to take input from his wife and be able to make decisions from that input, must love and cherish his wife at all time, and must also be able to give praise to his wife. A father’s children watch him constantly and one of the main ways children learn from their father is by observing how he treats their mother. The modern day man fails to accomplish his duties towards his son: to teach and guide him towards manhood. Fatherhood is not something to fool around with and take lightly. A father has the responsibility of properly raising members of the future generations. The job of a father is not just doing well in business but rather raising their son. A father’s main goal in raising his son should be to train the young boy throughout his early life how to be a man and to teach him what it means to be a man. Fatherhood is complex and requires hard work and commitment, as well as love. To start, manhood needs to be defined. Rick Johnson, a best-selling Christian author and speaker focusing on parenting, marriage, fathering, personal growth, character development, and masculinity, says that â€Å"authentic manhood is living for a cause bigger than yourself† (Johnson, 18-19). This means that one should not simply live for themselves but live for the benefit of others. A man needs to be a servant to others which includes, first and foremost, his wife and children; to be the protector and leader. When it comes to the son, he needs to be able to look at his father in a similar way to the way he looks at superheroes like superman and spider-man. In other words, his father needs to be able to look at his father and say, â€Å"I want to be like my dad when I grow up. † For a father, this type of respect must be earned. Relationships are hard work and take effort and care. As it says in Proverbs, â€Å"train a child in the way he should go, and when he is older he will not turn from it† (English Standard Version, Proverbs 22:6). A father needs to focus on his character because that is the best way to gain a young boys respect. A father could be courageous, compassionate, loving, strong, understanding, and so on. A son will notice this and seek to emulate it. To start out, a father must begin to bond with his son in his sons early years. This is much harder to do now than it did in the past. Before the Industrial Revolution, the father and son were with each other almost every moment of every day. The father would work the land at home and would train his son at an early age to do the same. Fathers did not have to take time out of there day to have â€Å"bonding time† with their son. It just happened because that’s how the times were (Johnson). Unfortunately, after the Industrial revolution, the men started to work outside of the home for hours and hours on end and were not home nearly as much. In current culture it becomes more and more difficult for fathers to bond with their sons in the early stages of life. Cheryl Erwin, a licensed marriage and family therapist who provides parent coaching, parent education, and professional training to help you develop both wisdom and skill wrote, â€Å"A father’s role in the raising of his children has changed dramatically over the past century or two. In generations past, sons expected to follow in their fathers’ footsteps, apprenticing in their work and in their approach to life. During the nineteenth century, however, fathers began to go out to work, and the measure of a man’s success slowly changed. Rather than the closeness of his family and the strength of his family business, a man’s worth could be measured in his income, the value of his house, and the size of his car. Parenting became â€Å"women’s work†; fathers were just too busy earning a living. And generations of boys grew up hungering for closeness with a father they barely knew, someone who came home only to eat dinner, look over omework, hear about the day’s misbehavior, and watch a little television† (Erwin, life. familyeducation. com) Sons yearn for their fathers. In Proverbs it says, â€Å"The glory of sons is their fathers† (English Standard Version, Proverbs 17:6). Just as God’s people seek to worship him, a son seeks to worship his father. It’s clear that young boys seek to be like their father. They try to walk the same way, talk the same way, dress the same way. It is a part of our genetic makeup. Rick Johnson writes, â€Å"Our sons’ eyes are watching us constantly. They observe how we react to the many justices and injustices of the world† (Johnson, 20). They need to see a man’s ability to recover from mistakes and stay strong in tough times. A boy relies on his father to be there through all of what life brings forth. Next, a father needs to be able to discipline his son. Many men misunderstand the concept of discipline. They think that discipline should be used to instill fear in their children for what he might do to punish them for their wrongful actions. This however, is exactly the opposite of what disciplining is. Discipline is to be done in love and not anger. One does not discipline because he is angry that his child has overstepped his bounds. Instead, he should be committed to teaching the child what to do and what not to do; to know what is right and what is wrong. Dr. Lawrence Balter, a child psychologist and parenting expert wrote that â€Å"discipline is not just punishing, forcing compliance or stamping out bad behavior. Rather, discipline has to do with teaching proper deportment, caring about others, controlling oneself and putting someone else’ wishes before one’s own when the occasion calls for it. When disciplining, the focus needs to be on teaching and not on punishing. Over time, as a father bonds with his son and develops a deeper relationship with him, the son should not have to fear the wrath that is about to come but should instead fear disappointing him due to the deep respect the son has for the father. Lastly, possibly the most difficult of all, is the father being a constant example to his son. In order for the son to accept things that he is corrected about, he must see that the Father does those things that he is constantly instilling in his son. The most important of which is being respectful to everyone. In order for one’s son to respect him, they must see that the father respects everyone in all situations including his son. In order to get respect you must first give it . Respect is earned. In relation to having respect for others, the father must display self-respect. A boy must see confidence in his father. The father must know that no matter what people think of him his son will always think highly of him. This goes a long with the fact that boys yearn for their fathers love. Included in being an example is having respect for women. Chivalry, something that has been around for hundreds of years is becoming less and less implemented in young men by their fathers. One of the simplest ways a father can do this is by opening doors for women. This shows a young boy that we are willing servants of women in that we do the â€Å"dirty work. † A woman is delicate and should be treated as such. Chivalry is only the half of it. A father needs to be an example for his son by how he treats his wife. The bible calls men to be considerate of their wives and to treat them with respect. If a son sees his father disrespecting his wife he will more than likely treat women in a similar fashion and vice versa. In the end, the father plays the most crucial role in the development of a young man. It is easy for a man to become distracted with all of the things life throws at him and forget about how important he is to his son. A man needs to set his priorities straight from the moment he gets married and has children. In all things, God is first, family is second, and work is third. A man needs to, above all else, instill biblical principles in the family life. He needs to be the anchor of the family in Christ. He is the natural leader and needs to act as such. His job is to raise a son with the same values. Moving on to daughters, Meg Meeker, a Pediatrician, wrote, â€Å"Fathers, more than anyone else, set the course for a daughter’s life† (Meeker 1). Whether a father wants to believe it, he is the most important person in a young girl’s life, not the mother. The problem today is that fathers assume they do not have much of an influence on their daughters. A father automatically thinks that the mother has the bigger responsibility over the daughter because she can better relate to a girl’s problems. In media, it is very common for the father to cause their daughter to cry over an unimportant issue and then would send the mother after her to comfort her. Unfortunately, this is how it is in many homes. Fathers are becoming more and more distant from their daughters and are unaware of how detrimental this can be as they become more and more uninvolved in their daughter’s life. The modern day father fails to accomplish his duties towards his daughter and to realize how important he is to his daughter, not because he does not want to but because he does not know what to do or even where to start. A father needs to recognize that he is the first man in his daughter’s life, needs to be encouraging of his daughter, must display leadership and perseverance, and must be able to be compassionate and understanding towards his daughter’s emotions and problems.

Debut albums Essay

High School. Those two words can either bring fear or happiness to anyone. Besides college, the most life altering period in one’s lifetime is the four years we must go through to finally reach that milestone of getting a diploma. High school is that time to find yourself. It’s that time where you’re expected to conduct yourself like an adult, but you still get treated like a kid, a time of confusion. Because I cannot speak for everybody’s opinions about high school, I will just share mine. I’ve realized that there is no other place in this world where you will find such a large array of people other than a public high school. You have your jocks, your honors students, your geeks, your goths, your skaters, your princesses (a. k. a. cheerleaders), your drama kids, and then you have those kids that don’t really fit into any other category but â€Å"you know, those kids. † Logically, you would think that there is absolutely no way all of those different types of people could get along, but for some unknown reason we do. School is like a whole other separate community, a business community. The C. E. O. and head honchos are the main office, the teachers are the workers, and we students are merely the entrepreneurs. With that said, I have figured out a reason on why we all get along. Every entrepreneur does what they do for all the same reasons, just like all of us students attend school for the same thing. Of course some of us attend more voluntarily than others but nevertheless, we all show up every morning for the same reason. We show up to learn, to prepare ourselves for the real world and what is to come. Most of us show up to better our chances of succeeding in education after high school. Another thing I’ve learned about high school is that for a place that is supposed to be all good and fun and educational, there sure are a lot of things that aren’t. The food isn’t good, the stressful work isn’t fun, and some classes might be educational but I sure don’t understand why the heck I have to take them, like Introduction to Animal Sciences for example. How is that helping me be prepared for the real world? However, because of these problems in the system of just about every high school, I’ve learned possibly the most valuable lessons of all: Life isn’t fair, you don’t always get what you want, and you can’t change people. The point of me telling you all of this isn’t to say what a great learning experience I’ve had or how I know that my way of life has been shaped by my experiences in school, but rather to point out that you can’t always focus on the differences, or the negatives in life, but instead to realize what you have in common, or what is good.

How to Write a Speech in Business Studies a Comprehensive Writing Manual You Need

How to Write a Speech in Business Studies a Comprehensive Writing Manual You Need Courses in business studies often include sections dedicated to speeches, their writing and delivery. It is only natural – after all, whether you occupy a leadership or subordinate position, in business environment you are very likely to make reports, presentations, deliver sales pitches and so on. The ability to express your thoughts and ideas not just in writing but also orally is of paramount importance here. Even if you used to be a part of a debating club or dabbled in speech writing back in school, this is not going to be of much help here, for business speeches have a lot of specific features that set them apart from other types of oral communication. They are less concerned with rhetoric devices and making picturesque comparisons and more with hard facts and your ability to use them to your advantage. Quite often, you have to write an assignment of this type without having received sufficient instruction beforehand. Let’s rectify this situation – our best speechwriting specialists have prepared this guide so that you never again experience problems writing your business studies speeches. How to Write a Speech in Business Studies: Preparation and the Choice of Topic A speech is, by definition, a relatively short piece of writing, as it is supposed to be delivered orally in front of an audience. One may think that writing it should not take long. In a sense, it is true – you will most likely spend more time preparing than writing; which is another reason to pay extra attention to this stage. Here we list what you have to do in a specific order, but it does not mean that you finish with one thing and move on to the next. The nature of a speech is such that you have to treat each stage while referring to all the other steps: e.g., your choice of topic depends on the audience (who they are and what they know), speech length (you should not take a deep and complex topic if you have just 3 minutes to cover it), etc. 1. Define and Narrow Down Your Topic Sometimes the professor either defines your topic for you or severely limits your options. However, quite often you have enough freedom of choice to influence the direction your speech is going to take, at least to a degree. Some things you may base your topic on are: The nature of the event. What is the reason you have to deliver a speech? Your personal interests. A speech produces a much better impression if there is some real enthusiasm behind it. Can you find something related to the subject matter of your course that genuinely interests you? Your knowledge. Is there something you know that most of your peers are ignorant of? Your experience. Nothing brings a point across better than speaking from personal experience; Relevant latest news. Business studies is a discipline that deals with real life, and you can demonstrate that you keep your eyes on the ball by building your speech around a recent event that is likely to influence business climate. Here are some examples: What It Means to Run a Community-Conscious Business in Modern Society; Introducing Innovation and Technology in Traditionally Conservative Businesses; Customer Is Always Right – Is It Truly So? Customer Feedback – Why No Business Can Survive without It; HR Management – Treating People as more than just a Resource. The important thing to understand is that there is no such thing as a perfect topic. Find something that is good enough for your purposes and start working – this will bring better results than wasting time trying to find an ideal topic. 2. Analyze Your Audience Speeches in business studies one writes in college are usually based on case studies. You are given a situation and are asked to prepare and deliver a speech addressing some issue expressed in the case. For example, you are a small business owner who recently joined the Chamber of Commerce of your town. As a new member, you are invited to deliver a short presentation of yourself and your business at the next meeting. Analyze your audience and consider the following: Who are the bulk of your audience? What are their main interests? What do they need? Is there a problem you can help them solve? What do they expect of you? Do they know something about your topic, or you will have to start from scratch? What else do you have to consider about them? Who your audience is determines the language you have to use, terminology you can introduce into your speech without explanations, what arguments they are likely to treat favorably and so on. 3. Consider the Length Most likely, each member of your class (or most of them) will have to write and deliver one, and some time should remain for discussion as well. This means that you will probably be very limited in time – do not expect to have more than 5 minutes to deliver the speech, so plan accordingly. Your professor will tell you how much time you will have, but fitting your speech into this period is your job. Read a passage from a book aloud at your normal speech tempo and check how much you will be able to cover. An actual speech of the same length may take somewhat shorter or longer to deliver, but this value is a good reference point for your word count, so try to stick to it. You will have an opportunity to slightly shorten or lengthen your speech if necessary later on. Alternatively, use an online tool to convert words to minutes – but remember that different people talk at different speed, and such tools by definition are not very precise. 4. Consider the Purpose Speeches usually pursue one of the four purposes (or a combination thereof): To inform. You should either present new information about a familiar subject or describe something completely new to your audience. Emphasis on facts, statistics and other types of provable information is encouraged; To persuade. You try to win the audience to your way of thinking. You want to persuade them to do something or change their point of view. Again, facts are important, but you should properly season them with rhetorical techniques; To entertain. This goal is less concerned with facts and details and more with showing your wit. In business studies you are unlikely to have an assignment aimed solely at entertaining the listeners, but it may be worth introducing a few witty remarks even into completely serious speeches; To celebrate. You have to tell what makes a specific person, event or organization special and worthy of the audience’s respect. Decide which goal you will pursue beforehand, or you may end up writing a confusing and misleading speech. 5. Research Your Topic Sometimes your work is already laid out in front of you. Sometimes you have to gather information first. Anyway, your format defines what you have to do, and the most important thing about it is the amount of time you have. Depending on the length of your essay, you should get more or fewer sources of information. Stick to high-value, reliable sources – you almost certainly won’t have enough word count to refer to everything you find, so make sure the sources you do mention can serve as hard evidence that does not need further backing up. You can find sources using academic databases and search engines like EBSCO, JSTOR or ProQuest. How to Write a Speech in Business Studies: Writing the Main Part of the Speech 1. Start with an Outline Speeches are short and rely on your ability to remember them and reconstruct them from memory. Therefore, they are even more reliant on structure and planning than other academic assignments. You not only have to fit everything you want to say into a very strict word count, but also make its structure intuitive enough to rebuild it effortlessly on the go. Prepare an outline. A typical structure of a speech is this: Introduction. You introduce yourself, give a reason why you are giving a speech and offer your main thesis. ‘Who’ and ‘why’ parts may differ in length depending on the task (e.g., if you deliver a speech to your class as yourself and not as a part of a case study, you can omit it altogether). Try to hook your audience in right away – introduce an interesting and unexpected fact, mention something seemingly irrelevant to pique their interest, tell a story from personal experience; Main part. Present your thesis and supporting evidence. Do not try to say everything you know on the subject – depending on the length of the speech, keep it to 2-5 points. Don not ramble: clearly divide points from each other. Introduce a point, provide evidence, connect to the next point (using words like ‘however’, ‘meanwhile’, ‘therefore’, etc.); Takeaway. Wrap things up and drive your main idea home. You can do it by either summarizing what you have already said in a couple of especially strong sentences or (even better) telling a story illustrating your point. Divide the speech into parts and jot down how much time you can spend on each of them. Write down what you will mention in each part and how you will connect them. 2. Use a Conversational Tone A speech is primarily an oral message, and oral speech is different from written text. Your speech should sound like an address to the audience, not as reading from a book. Therefore, write the way you normally talk: Use short and simple sentences. It will make it easier for the audience to understand you and for you to remember the speech; Avoid using long and complex words and structures – if you cannot imagine yourself using a word or sentence in everyday speech, do not use it; Address your audience directly, as if you were talking with each of them individually. Do not be abstract – talk about things relevant for them; Avoid formal language – this will help you appear friendlier. 3. Be Specific In business studies, it is especially important to back your words up with facts and statistics and not with vague appeals to the audience. Make the audience understand that you know what you are talking about and are familiar with background information. 4. Use Examples Human brain is hard-wired to pay attention to stories and process them better than abstract facts. Backing your points up with cases from your experience lends you credibility and makes it easier for the audience to follow you. How to Write a Speech in Business Studies: Post-Writing Tips and Editing Post-writing work on a speech is different from most other academic assignments because speeches are not exactly writing tasks – they are evaluated based on how well you deliver them. Therefore, formal aspects like formatting, spelling, grammar and suchlike are of secondary importance (unless you have to submit your speech in written form as well). 1. Read Your Speech Aloud Do you fit into the allotted time comfortably? Tweak the length of the speech. Either cut a few inconsequential phrases or add a little if there is enough space left. After you manage to finish talking on time, memorize the speech and see if you can repeat this feat without looking at the text. 2. Prepare Speaker Notes Few things in this world are more pathetic and uninspiring than a person reading his/her speech aloud. Do not expect to be allowed to do it, and even if it is an option, do not do it anyway. When delivering a speech, you have to maintain eye contact with the audience, they should feel that you speak to them, not at them. Therefore, memorize your speech, but do not rely on your memory too much, even if the speech is just a few minutes long. You can stumble at the worst possible moment, and have to prepare for it. Speaker notes are a collection of reminders you can glance at every now and then to make sure you did not forget anything and proceed as planned. They should contain only the basics, each point expressed in a couple of words – you will not have time to read more in the middle of a speech. 3. Deliver Your Speech to a Test Audience For example, a couple of friends, preferably with backgrounds similar to that of your future audience. Ask them if your speech appear logical and persuasive. Pay attention to their suggestions – you are likely to miss some things that are obvious for outside observers. 4. Edit and Proofread Unless you submit the text of your speech, your spelling and even grammar are not that important – you are going to deliver the speech to an audience, and spoken word has different standards, allowing for certain irregularities. However, you still should reread, edit and proofread the text – not for spelling mistakes, but for gaps in your argument, leaps of logic and suchlike. Carefully read your speech and ask yourself if everything works as intended. 5. Choose a Presentation Tool Most business speeches presuppose the use of visual elements (slides, video, etc.). They make it easier to draw the audience’s attention and focus it on specific points of your speech. There are many amateur and professional presentation tools: PowerPoint, Google Slides and many others. Which one to use is mostly a question of personal preference, but you should be aware of your tool’s capabilities and limitations before you start out. As you can see, preparing a speech is not as hard as one may believe it to be. Follow these guidelines, and you will complete yours in no time!

Free Essays on Uncle Toms Cabin3000

Uncle Tom manages the Shelby plantation. Strong, intelligent, capable, good, and kind, he is the most heroic figure in the novel that bears his name. Tom's most important characteristic is his Christian faith. God has given Tom an extraordinary ability. He can forgive the evil done to him. His self-sacrificing love for others has been called motherly. It has also been called truly Christian. AUNT CHLOE- Aunt Chloe, Uncle Tom's wife, is fat, warm, and jolly. She is a good housekeeper and a superb cook, and justly proud of her skill. She loves Tom, and urges him to escape to Canada rather than to go South with Haley. After Tom is sold, she convinces the Shelbys to hire her out to a baker in Louisville and to use her wages to buy Tom's freedom. She is heartbroken to learn of his death. - MOSE, PETE, AND POLLY - Mose, Pete, and Polly, the children of Uncle Tom and Aunt Chloe, are playful and rambunctious. Polly is Tom's special favorite, and she loves to bury her tiny hands in his hair. ELIZA HARRIS - Eliza Harris is raised by her mistress, Mrs. Shelby, to be pious and good. Described as light-skinned and pretty, Eliza dearly loves her husband, George Harris, and their little boy, Harry. When she learns that Harry is about to be sold, Eliza carries him in her arms to the Ohio River, which she crosses on cakes of ice. Although generally a modest and retiring young woman, Eliza becomes extraordinarily brave because of her love for her son. GEORGE HARRIS- George Harris, portrayed as a light-skinned and intelligent slave, belongs to a man named Harris. He is married to Eliza, who lives on the Shelby plantation, and they have a son, Harry. HARRY AND LITTLE ELIZA - Harry and little Eliza are the children of George and Eliza Harris. Harry, born a slave on the Shelby Plantation, is bright and cute, and sings and dances for Mr. Shelby and Haley. He is so beautiful that he is disguised as a girl in order to escape into Canada. Once there, he does ver... Free Essays on Uncle Toms Cabin3000 Free Essays on Uncle Toms Cabin3000 Uncle Tom manages the Shelby plantation. Strong, intelligent, capable, good, and kind, he is the most heroic figure in the novel that bears his name. Tom's most important characteristic is his Christian faith. God has given Tom an extraordinary ability. He can forgive the evil done to him. His self-sacrificing love for others has been called motherly. It has also been called truly Christian. AUNT CHLOE- Aunt Chloe, Uncle Tom's wife, is fat, warm, and jolly. She is a good housekeeper and a superb cook, and justly proud of her skill. She loves Tom, and urges him to escape to Canada rather than to go South with Haley. After Tom is sold, she convinces the Shelbys to hire her out to a baker in Louisville and to use her wages to buy Tom's freedom. She is heartbroken to learn of his death. - MOSE, PETE, AND POLLY - Mose, Pete, and Polly, the children of Uncle Tom and Aunt Chloe, are playful and rambunctious. Polly is Tom's special favorite, and she loves to bury her tiny hands in his hair. ELIZA HARRIS - Eliza Harris is raised by her mistress, Mrs. Shelby, to be pious and good. Described as light-skinned and pretty, Eliza dearly loves her husband, George Harris, and their little boy, Harry. When she learns that Harry is about to be sold, Eliza carries him in her arms to the Ohio River, which she crosses on cakes of ice. Although generally a modest and retiring young woman, Eliza becomes extraordinarily brave because of her love for her son. GEORGE HARRIS- George Harris, portrayed as a light-skinned and intelligent slave, belongs to a man named Harris. He is married to Eliza, who lives on the Shelby plantation, and they have a son, Harry. HARRY AND LITTLE ELIZA - Harry and little Eliza are the children of George and Eliza Harris. Harry, born a slave on the Shelby Plantation, is bright and cute, and sings and dances for Mr. Shelby and Haley. He is so beautiful that he is disguised as a girl in order to escape into Canada. Once there, he does ver...